Muslim forces capture Jerusalem. Sophronius surrenders the city to the caliph Umar Ibn Al-Khattab, who guarantees the people of Jerusalem protection for their lives, property and places of worship.

Umayyad rule.

The Umayyad caliph Abdul-Malik ibn Marwan commences construction of the Dome of the rock.

The Umayyad Al-Walid completes construction of Al-Aqsa Mosque started by Abdul Malik ibn Marwan.

Abbasid rule.

Fatimid rule. Interrupted by two decades of rule by Seljuk Turks 1075.

the first crusade is called by pope Urban II.

Crusader occupation of Jerusalem and most of Palestine.

Nuradin Zangi defeats the Crusaders at Asqalan and conquers Egypt in 1169. He is succeeded by Salahudin who unites Egypt and Syria in1183.

The Battle of hittin. Salahudin defeats the Crusaders at Hittin and goes on to liberate Jerusalem.

Ayyubid rule.

Mamluke rule.

Ottoman rule begins with the reign of Sultan Selim I. His son, Suleiman the Magnificent, consolidates his domain into the greatest world power of the time. He restores Jerusalem, with special attention to the Aqsa Mosque complex.

Napoleon Bonaparte is defeated by the Ottomans at Acre, under the leadership of Ahmed al-jazzar.

Political Zionism is spurred on by Moses Hess, who publishes Rome and Jerusalem.

The British occupy Egypt.

Baron Edmond de Rothchild of Paris provides financial backing for jewish colonisation in Palestine. First waves of Zionist mass emigration to Palestine begins.

The dreyfuss affair. Theodor Herzl, a jewish correspondent for the Vienna Neue Freie Presse covers the trial in Paris. He later conceives of the idea of a Jewish state.

German jewish millionaire baron maurice de hirsch founds jewish colonisation association (JCA).

The ottoman government forbids sale of state land to foreign (non-ottoman) jews in Palestine.

Publication of Der Judenstaat, The Jewish state', by Theodor Herzl. Sultan Abdel Hamid II rejects herzl's proposals for a Jewish state in Palestine. JCA operation in Palestine begins.

the first World Zionist Congress conference is held at Basel, Switzeland, despite the opposition of the chief rabbis of the west.

the JCA take responsibility for colonies supported by baron de Rothchild.

the first kibbutz, based on exclusively Jewish labour, is established.

Outbreak of the world war 1

Hussein-McMahon correspondence begins. This correspondence concludes on January 30, 1916 with British assurance of post-war independence for Palestine.

may Signing of the secret sykes-picot agreement dividing Arab Provinces of the Ottoman Empire between Britain and France.

November the Balfour Declaration. A statement of British policy on Zionism originally put forward in a letter from foreign Zionist federation, lord Rothschild. It endorses the establishment of " a national home" for the Jewish people in Palestine, stipulating that this should not compromise the right of non-Jewish communities in Palestine.

PALESTINE UNDER BRITISH RULE
December surrender of ottoman forces in Jerusalem to Allied forces under General Allenby. By September 1918, the whole of Palestine is under allied control.

Establishment of the Muslim-Christian association in jaffa and Jerusalem.

November first organised protest against the Balfour declaration is held.

January the Paris Peace Conference is convened.

January the first Palestinian National congress of the muslim-christian association is covened.

February-March Anti-Zionist demonstrations in Palestine.

March the Syrian Conference declares the independence of Syria (including Palestine) under constitutional Kingship of Faisal.

the French occupy Syria.

July Herbert Samuel (a Zionist Jew) is appointed British High Commissioner over Palestine, Two years before the League of Nations ratifies the British Mandate over Palestine.

Outbreak of riots and the coastal areas. Al-Hajj Muhammad Amin Al-Husseini is appointed the mufti of Jerusalem.

August First Syrian-Palestinians Conference takes place.

October Haycraft Inquiry attributes the Jaffa disturbance to Palestinians fears of steadily increasing Zionist mass immigration.

The Council of The Arab League Nations grants the mandate over Palestine to the British goverment. During the mandate Jewish immigration to Palestine increase at an alarming rate. Most of state owned land is transformed to Jewish organisation and Jewish terrorist groups flourish.

The Jewish Agency is formed to encourage Jewish immigration to Palestine.

March Palestinians hold a general strike protesting against a visit by Lord Balfour to Jerusalem.

November the Islamic conference meeting in Jerusalem demands protection of Muslim property rights at the Western "buraq" Wall of the Aqsa Mosque complex.

August AlBuraq Uprising. Zionist attempts to change the status quo of the Jewish user of the Western Wall leads to a major Muslim revolt. The British arrest hundreds of Palestinians, and sentence 20 to death. 800 others are sentenced to a number of years in prison.

March Fourth Palestinian delegation to London. Demands for the establishment of democratic representatives’ government and for cessation of Zionist mass immigration and land acquisition are rejected. The British government sends Sir John Hope-Simpson to investigate the issues of immigration and land acquisition. He publishes his report in August 1930 starting 29% of Arab families in villages have lost their land and recommends putting a stop to further Jewish immigration.

December 145 delegates from all parts of the Muslim world attend Pan-Islamic Congress held in Jerusalem.

November Sheikh Izziddin Al-Qasam leader of the first Palestinians resistance group is killed in action against British security force. The group he formed, the ideal he preched and his martyrdom inspired the great rebellion in 1936. Palestine Political leaders submit a joint memorandum to the British high commissioner requesting cessation of the Zionist mass immigration and the land acquisition, and the establishment of a government based on proportional representation.

April Two Palestinians are living near Petah Tikva are shot dead by Zionist assailants. National Committees in all Palestinian towns and villages are established.

April Leaders of Palestinians Political Parties constitute an Arab Higher Committee under the Chairmanship of Hajj Amin al-Husseini.

May Conference of all national Committees Meet in Jerusalem to call for "no taxation without representation". This is the start of the six-month strike and the great rebellion. Palestinians take up arms against the British authorities, who are assisting the Zionist’s plans for a Jewish state in Palestine. The peel Commission was to be appointed to investigate the causes of the rebellion.

October Arab higher committee accepts appeals by the king of Saudi Arabia and Iraq and the Emir of Transjordn to call off the great general strike. The royal commission under chairmanship of lord peel arrives in Palestine in November.

April Jewish terrorist gang Irgun re-organises for terrorist attacks on Palestinians.

July Publication of the peel commission’s report recommending partition of Palestine into a Jewish state, an Arab state (to be incorporated into Transjordan) and British Mandatory enclaves, as well as forcible transfer, if necessary, of the Palestinian population out of Jewish state. The Arab higher committee rejects partition, calling for and independent Palestinian State with ‘protection of all legitimate Jewish and other minority rights and the safeguarding of reasonable British interests’. The Arab national congress held in Syria also rejects partition.

October the British dissolve the Arab higher committee and all Palestinian political organisations and deport five Palestinian leaders to the Seychelles.

April-August Irgun kill 199 Palestinians in terrorist bombing campaign.

May British House of commons votes in favour of white paper calling for conditional independence for a Palestinian state after an interval of 10 years, limiting Jewish immigration to 15,000 per annum for five years with immigration after that subject to Arab permission, and protection of Palestinian land rights against Zionist acquisition.

September beginning of world war II.

October Stern Gang, formed under Abraham stern by dissident Irgunists, calls for alliance with Axis powers in war against British.

December the SS Patria, carrying illegal Jewish immigrants to be transferred by British to alternative accommodation outside Palestine is blown up by Zionist terrorists, killing 252 Jews and British Police personnel.

Zionist at the Bitmore conference in New York formulate Policies for creating a "Jewish Commonwealth" in the whole of Palestine and organising a Jewish Army.

March British Uncover Zionist network for stealing arms and explosives from British militarily installations. David Ben-Gurion warns that end of World War II will be the beginning of Zionist struggle in Palestine.

January Stern Gang and Irgun join rank in the Zionist campaign of terror against British.

November Two members of the Stern Gang murder Lord Moyne, British Secretary of state to Cairo.

May End of World War II

September Illegal Jewish Immigration to Palestine resume under haganah control.

May Angola-American committee report recommends admission of 100000 Jews into Palestine and abolition of Lamd transfers regulation.

April-may the special committee on Palestine (UNSCOP) is set up in a UN General assembly special session.

September publication of the UNSCOP report, with recommendation for the partition of Palestine. Britain decides to withdraw from Palestine.

November the UN general assembly recommends a new partition plan. The Palestinians, who account for 70% of the population and own 93% of the land, are allocated 47% of their country. The Jews, who comprise only 30% of the population and own less than 7% of the land, are accorded 53% of the country.

April Deir yassin Massacre. 250 Palestinians, including women and children the aged, are massacred by Irgun and stern terrorist gangs under the command of menachem begin and yitzhak shamir.

September count folke benadotte, UN mediator for Palestine, calls for amendments to the partition plan in the interests of justice and is murdered by the stern gang.

Britain withdraws from Palestine. Zionists proclaim independent state in Palestine. Jordan took control over the West Bank, while Egypt took control over Gaza Strip.
472,000 Palestinians are made homeless. Zionist proclaim independence state in Palestine on 15 May. 47200 Palestinians are made homeless.

the Israeli Law of Return is passed unanimously in the Knesset. It’s first tenants states: "every Jew has a right to emigrate to the country.

Kibya Massacre, 75 Men, Women and children are brutally murdered and 42 houses, the village mosque and school are dynamited by Israeli special force.

October Kafr Kassim Massacre. On the eve of Israel invasion of Egypt, 49 Palestinians villagers who were Israeli citizens are murdered by Israeli border Police.

October Suez Canal Crisis. Israel, Britain, and France challenge Egypt’s nationalisation of the Suez Canal.

The Palestinian Liberation Organisation is established by the Arab League.

Israeli forces launches an unprovoked attack on the village of Samu in the West Bank, destroying 125houses, a clinic and a school.

June "Six Days War" on the pretence of a pre-emptive defence strike Israel occupies rest of Palestine and part of Egypt and Syria. 670000 more Palestinians are made homeless.

June USS Liberty Massacre. Israeli planes are ordered to repeatedly attack the American intelligence ship USS Liberty, Killing 34 US Navy crew members and wounding 171, so that Israeli aggression against Arabs cant be monitored.

November UN Resolution 242 calling on Israel to withdraw from terrorises occupied during the "Six Days War".

Israeli army launches napalm attack on the east bank of the river Jordan, killing 56 peoples. 30 Jordanians are killed and 59 injured when Israeli warplanes bombarded the town of Irbid.

the south section of Al-Aqsa Mosque is destroyed in an arson attack.

February Israeli warplanes bomb a factory near the town of Abu Za`abel in Egypt, killing at least 70 civilians workers and wounding 98. Israeli attack on Bahr al Baqr School on 8 April kills 46 children.

Israeli jet bombard seven villages in Syria, killing 200 people.

April Israel assassinates three prominent Palestinians leaders in Beirut.

October the Ramadan War. Egypt and Syria launches a suprise attack on Israeli army encampments in the occupied terrorites.

Civil War erupts in Lebanon.

Peace treaty signed between Israel and Egypt.

Israel’s bid to make Jerusalem its eternal capital; is rejected by the international community.

June-August Israel invades Lebanon and begins bombardment and destruction of Beirut. More than 30,000 civilians are massacred as cluster bombs and phosphorus bombs are dropped on school, orphanages, and hospitals.

September Sabra and chatila massacre. Palestinian refugees are massacred by Israeli backed phalangist troops.

the Israelis are forced to withdraw to the south Lebanon, after suffering heavy losses at hands of the Islamic resistance. By December of this year, Palestinian refugees number almost two million.

October Israeli jets bomb the PLO HQ in Tunisia, in a bid to assassinate yasir Arafat and the PLO leadership. 75 people are killed and 120 wounded mostly civilians.

December the Palestinian uprising, the intifada, begins in Gaza and quickly spreads throughout all the occupied territories.

December the Islamic Resistance movement, Hamas, comes into existence.

November the Palestinian national council accepts UN resolution 242, announces the establishment of the state of Palestine and endorses the appointment of yasir arafat as president.

October Al-Aqsa mosque massacre 34 Palestinians are killed and hundreds are wounded as Israeli troops open fire in the courtyard of Al-Aqsa.

the gulf war.

Elections in Israel.

Israel deports 417 Palestinians alleged to belong to the Islamic resistance movement Hamas.

September the Oslo peace accords between Israel and the PLO are signed at the White House in Washington.

February Hebron Massacre. More than 30 Palestinians are killed and hundreds are more injured when a Jewish settler opens fire on a congregation of worshippers in the Mosque of Abraham in Hebron.